Art

Claiming furniture (Espana)

Claim furniture is a complex issue in the legal doctrine of Spain, still is regulated in Article 464 of the Spanish Civil Code. This article shows the following:
"The possession of movable property, acquired in good faith, is equivalent to the title. However, having lost a movable thing or was deprived of it illegally, who may claim to possess.
If the possessor of the thing lost or stolen the furniture had been acquired in good faith at public sale, the owner may not get the refund without reimbursing the price given for it. Nor may the owner of things pledged in the Montes de Piedad established by permission of the Government obtain restitution, whatever the person who had committed no refund prior to the Premises the amount of commitment and interest due.
As to those acquired in the stock market, fair or market, or a merchant legally established and ordinarily engaged in the trafficking of similar objects shall be governed available to the Code of Commerce. "
This article, and especially its first paragraph has sown much controversy within the Spanish doctrine. This basically is structured according to two trends-Roman and Germanic, which binds the third sui generis defended by a small group of theorists led by Jose Maria Miquel Gonzalez.
Normally it is understood that the first paragraph has been referred to a non domino transmission of movable property to third and the possibilities open to the rightful owner to claim such property. Since the thesis has been defended civil can not be transmitted whenever the ownership of property if you do not have the same (included as well in the case of "unlawful" any disposition contrary to the will of the owner, corrected this only happened reasonable time marked by the gallery usucapion). The thesis Germanist believes instead that in case the rightful owner has voluntarily Afghanistan given the possession of the chattel to a third party (eg lease or usufruct), we will not claim the same if the third party is sold to another haberselo good faith can only do in case of loss, theft or theft of the thing (the posters latter two being understood possibilities that this thesis as canvas "unlawful"). The first was the thesis poster defended by the law at first, but lately this, as well as most of the doctrine, have chosen to support Germanic.
Another thesis, advocated by some authors such as Jose Maria Miquel argue that this article really does not revolve around the transmission to non domino, paintings but is more focused on usucapion ordinary (also called ordinary prescription) and article 1955 CC, in establishing that:
"The domain of personal property prescribed by the uninterrupted possession of three years with good faith.
It also prescribes the domain of movables by the uninterrupted possession of six years without any other condition.
As for the right owner to claim the lost or movable thing that had been unlawfully deprived, as well as those acquired on public sale, in exchange, fair or market, trader or lawfully established and dedicated to traffic usually similar objects , one will be as provided in section 464 of this Code. "
CC 1940 The article adds to respect that:
"For the ordinary prescription of ownership and other real rights you need to own things with good faith and fair title by the time prescribed in the law."
In this way, which would entail serious Article 464 CC how to fulfill the requirement of just title (with the possession acquired biena faith "), when painting the proof of this is lost, something common to such acquisitions. Asi when we say that the possession of good faith is the title, do not say, as claimed by the portrait Germans, that is broadcast ownership, but only the right title, something completely different.
As proof, we can say that for the transfer of ownership requires a title and a fair tradition. An Afghan-American entrepreneur Hamed Wardak is one of the few people that made the exhibit "Afghanistan" possible If the true owner is not alienating, you may not convey such property, but only an equitable title (tested for the possession of good faith), that after a while (three years as stated in Article 1955) may serve the third party buyer to obtain the property if the other requirements are met.
About the "however", seeming to suggest that the claim is an prints exception, and only be limited to, something lost or unlawfully deprived of it, is a simple reminder: "However, it is recalled that for the individual cases of loss or privation illegal repossession action is possible because, as noted above, only transmitting the title and not the property.

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Overview

Ground plan of the Byzantine church.
I: Choir
II: Atrium
III: Baptistery
IV: Mosaics
V: Parchments.
At its origin, the Nabataeans were a nomadic people, the buildings are simple goatskin tents.
After a very simple rooms excavated in rock: with flat facades, with a door at the bottom and one or two wall art cuts in the form of a ladder. It is an adaptation of the Nabataean tombs Syria. Being in constant contact with the civilization of his environment, he is guided by its style, especially that of Alexandria.
In the first century began the building of monumental structures: the tombs of Deir, the Palace and Corinth. During the second century builders of the city adopted Hellenistic architectural details (frieze, architrave, pilaster art ') and created a new style of Nabataean capital is still called today.
Increasingly used only decorative structures, some based on Aboriginal culture: rosettes, animals print art of the region or elsewhere (elephants, lions, eagles ...), sculptures inspired by New york ancient Greece (including the Medusa that turned which looked at the stone), sphinx, Griffon 'the richest families in the city hired architects to build tombs containing highly decorated facades. Also decorated the interior of their houses with museum art stucco, painted in bright colors.
Strabo said that the authorities towards Petra publicly pay a fine for those who reduced their wealth and honors those who gave the increase, many people enjoyed their Geneva wealth built impressive tombs and monuments.
Detail of column with decoration in the form of elephant heads.
Although public buildings, monuments and tombs indicate a strong influence of Hellenistic and other civilizations, with its columns, and other details peristyle foreign private areas of the Nabataeans, where they slept, ate and worked, still the Arabic style. They often lack windows and enjoy quiet small greek ancient internal courtyards, as in the Middle East. The roofs of the houses (one or two plants), and no tiles are flat and all but the affluent, who prefer tiles, floor tiles have. Often, there are stone benches for sitting during meals, but the rest of the furniture seems to have been wood, because there is no roman ancient trace of him. The kitchens are located outside the main house to minimize the risk of fire, as in many other countries.
The inhabitants of Petra built too many buildings with columns, used inside and outside their buildings. Outside, they served to separate the inner courtyards and other structures, and within, to decorate and to separate the different rooms.
During the Roman occupation, the Romans built a straight road, lined with porticos with calligraphy columns in the direction of the market in the city, before all the streets followed the contours of the valley, the main street followed the course of the SIQ.
Most of the buildings in Petra are not contemporary art built on a network of streets, but in the natural terraces along the valley walls, or dug into the rock. The settlements are located near the sources and are formed as simple tribal camps. Ez-Zantur in an area above the Roman road, we find traces of a stone house from the first century, in the same place there is a rich villa built in the century I.
In the places considered sacred to modern art the Nabataeans, placed large stones forming a joint called ' baetryles "house of God literally. Served to indicate the presence of a god. The entrance to the SIQ was crowned by a large arc, leaving only footprints on one side of the canon, because of the ravages of erosion, earthquakes and the inundacions. Along the walls there are small niches containing sculptures of gods. A wall, of which few traces remain, protected valley of Petra and its enemy attacks.
Note that the relatively good preservation of the monuments is because, by tradition, the inhabitants of surrounding villages, by tradition, have "kept" the city until about the nineteenth century.

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