Overview
Ground plan of the Byzantine church.
I: Choir
II: Atrium
III: Baptistery
IV: Mosaics
V: Parchments.
At its origin, the Nabataeans were a nomadic people, the buildings are simple goatskin tents.
After a very simple rooms excavated in rock: with flat facades, with a door at the bottom and one or two wall art cuts in the form of a ladder. It is an adaptation of the Nabataean tombs Syria. Being in constant contact with the civilization of his environment, he is guided by its style, especially that of Alexandria.
In the first century began the building of monumental structures: the tombs of Deir, the Palace and Corinth. During the second century builders of the city adopted Hellenistic architectural details (frieze, architrave, pilaster art ‘) and created a new style of Nabataean capital is still called today.
Increasingly used only decorative structures, some based on Aboriginal culture: rosettes, animals print art of the region or elsewhere (elephants, lions, eagles …), sculptures inspired by New york ancient Greece (including the Medusa that turned which looked at the stone), sphinx, Griffon ‘the richest families in the city hired architects to build tombs containing highly decorated facades. Also decorated the interior of their houses with museum art stucco, painted in bright colors.
Strabo said that the authorities towards Petra publicly pay a fine for those who reduced their wealth and honors those who gave the increase, many people enjoyed their Geneva wealth built impressive tombs and monuments.
Detail of column with decoration in the form of elephant heads.
Although public buildings, monuments and tombs indicate a strong influence of Hellenistic and other civilizations, with its columns, and other details peristyle foreign private areas of the Nabataeans, where they slept, ate and worked, still the Arabic style. They often lack windows and enjoy quiet small greek ancient internal courtyards, as in the Middle East. The roofs of the houses (one or two plants), and no tiles are flat and all but the affluent, who prefer tiles, floor tiles have. Often, there are stone benches for sitting during meals, but the rest of the furniture seems to have been wood, because there is no roman ancient trace of him. The kitchens are located outside the main house to minimize the risk of fire, as in many other countries.
The inhabitants of Petra built too many buildings with columns, used inside and outside their buildings. Outside, they served to separate the inner courtyards and other structures, and within, to decorate and to separate the different rooms.
During the Roman occupation, the Romans built a straight road, lined with porticos with calligraphy columns in the direction of the market in the city, before all the streets followed the contours of the valley, the main street followed the course of the SIQ.
Most of the buildings in Petra are not contemporary art built on a network of streets, but in the natural terraces along the valley walls, or dug into the rock. The settlements are located near the sources and are formed as simple tribal camps. Ez-Zantur in an area above the Roman road, we find traces of a stone house from the first century, in the same place there is a rich villa built in the century I.
In the places considered sacred to modern art the Nabataeans, placed large stones forming a joint called ‘ baetryles “house of God literally. Served to indicate the presence of a god. The entrance to the SIQ was crowned by a large arc, leaving only footprints on one side of the canon, because of the ravages of erosion, earthquakes and the inundacions. Along the walls there are small niches containing sculptures of gods. A wall, of which few traces remain, protected valley of Petra and its enemy attacks.
Note that the relatively good preservation of the monuments is because, by tradition, the inhabitants of surrounding villages, by tradition, have “kept” the city until about the nineteenth century.
- Columbia Daily Spectator
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